Shovel type excavator



De.2o,1932. QLGEORGE 1,891,352

sHovEL TYPl EXCAVATOR Fi1ed Feb. s, 1952 2 sheets-sheet 1 Dec. zo, 1932. C, GEORGE 11,891,352

SHOVEL TYPE EXCAVATOR Filed Feb. a, 1952 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Dec.- 20, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlCE cHAnLEs L. GEORGE, or FINDLAY, oHIo, Assrenon To man BUCKEYE TnAcTroN p DITGHER COMPANY, OF FINDLAY, OHIO, .A CORPORATION OF OHIO sHovEL TYPE nXoAvA'roR Application mea February s, 1932. serial No. 591,533.

This invention relates to excavating machines of the pull-scoop or in-stroke shovel type, wherein the scoop or bucket member is not carried by a stick that is shiftable relative to the boom in the usual manner, but is guided to have a fixed swinging path of movement relative to the boom. r

The object of the invention is the provision of certain improvements in the manner of mounting the bucket and in the movement thereof relative to the associated boom of a machine of the class described, whereby advantages, both in digging and in the handling of the bucket during the digging and dumping operations are obtained.

These advantages, as well as others, will be apparent from-the following detailed description, and from the attached drawings which illustrate one embodiment of the invention, and in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying the invention, with the'machine frame partly broken away andv with the bucket shown by full lines in the full retracted position of its stroke, and by dotted lines both at the limit of its digging stroke and in intermediate position with respect to a out. Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1, with the main frame removed. Fig. 3 is a similar view with the boom elevated and the bucket in dumping position. Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross-section on the line 1--4 in Fig. 1, and Fig. is a diagrammatical view illustrating the action of the bucket and its guide-frame and the different parts throughv which the bucket moves when traveling from one end to the other of the guide-frame, and also with the guide-frame in stationary relation thereto.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates the frame of the machine, which is mounted forturning movements on a suitable tractor means Q, as vwell understood in the art. A stationary upright 3 is provided at one end of theframe 1, and the customary boom 4 pivotally projects from such end for vertical swinging movements relative thereto.

A guide-frame 5 for the excavating bucket or scoop 6 is pivoted to the outer end of the frame for vertical swinging movements relative thereto about a point 7, as its axis, and Y i the frame is in the full retracted positionv shownin Fig. 1, the arm 9 is disposed substantially in horizontal position above the plane ofthe boom 4. The outer side of the frame 5 is formed by two arcuate tracks 13 disposed in transversely spaced relation and carried at the Iouter ends of the `frame-arms 8, 9 and 10. The arcs of the guide-tracks 12 are eccentric toy the swinging axis 7 ofthe frame, being struck from a point 14 disposed slightly below and in advance of the frame axis 6, as shown in Fig. 5.

Each guide-track 13 comprises an arcuate bar of angle-iron or L-shape in cross-section, with one flange parallel to the axisrof the arc thereof, and with the other flan e disposed at the inner side edge of and pro] ecting outwardly from said parallel flange.

The bucket 6 is provided at its inner side, with respect to the guideframe, with a setof three rollers 15 in engagement with each guide-bar 13, two of such rollers having rolling engagement with the outer circumferential surface of said parallel flange, and with the other roller in engagement with the inner surface thereof. The dipper is thus retained to the guide-tracks and adapted to have mover ment from one end to the other thereof. The

track-bars 18 at each end have their rolleri engaging flanges turnedout to form end-v stops 16 for coaction with the respectiverollers 15 to limit the movement of the bucket in 'one direction or the other relative to the guide-frame. Y

The movements Iof the dipper 6 relative to the guide-frame 5 and'boom 4, are controlled retracting cable 18, which returns the bucket 1p1-00 ffeo and guide-frame to initial positionv after a digging and dumping operation. The pull cable 17 attaches to the forward end of the bucket, as at 19, and extends to and winds on a drum 2O mounted on the boom 4 in substantially the relation to the bucket whenl in its extreme dumping position relative to the boom, as shown in Fig. 3. The drum 20 is fixed to a larger drum 21 having a cable 22 winding thereon in an opposite direction to the winding of the cable 17 on the drum 20, and then extending to the inner end of the boom under a sheave 23 and then to a power drum 24 mounted on the main frame 1 and driven and controlled in any suitable manner, as well understood in the art.

When the bucket is at the outer or upper end of the track formed by the bars 13 of the guide-frame, the cable 17 passes under and is carried by a sheave 25 adjacent tothe lower inner end of the tracks, as best shown in Fig. 1.V VThis sheave guides the movement of the -cable 1750 that during the initial digging movement of the bucket, or during the operating of its digging movement, which is relalive to the guide-frame 5, a more direct forward pull is applied to the bucket than would -be the case if the cable extendedstraight from the bucket to thedrum 20 during such movement. This effects a material saving in power necessary to be applied to the bucket during its initial digging operation.

The retracting cable 18 is attached to the rear end of the bucket 6, as a-t 26, thence passes over a sheave 27 at the outer end of the guideframe arm 9, then under a sheave 28 carried by the frame near the inner end of the arm 9 and thence one or more times around sheave 29 carried at the inner end of the frame-arm 9 and sheave 30 a-t the upper end of the frame upright 3 and thence to a power or control `drum 31 on the machine frame, operated and controlled in any suitable manner, as is well understood in the art.

It is apparent that when the cable 22 is being operated to impart a digging pull to the bucket through the cable 17, the control means 31 for the cable 18 is released to permit a freepaying-out of such cable necessitated by the digging movement of the bucket, and that when the retracting cable 18 is being operated to return the bucket to initial position, shown in Fig. 1, the control frame 24 for the cable 22 is released to permit payingout of such cable and of the pull cable 17 to permit the return of the bucket to such position.

' During the initial digging movement, the vbucket 6 traverses the guide-track 13-13 from the upper rear tothe lower forward end thereof and describes during such movement an arc struck about the point 14 as an axis, and then during the continuing forward digging movement of the bucket the guide-frame and bucket are in fixed relation and the movement is effected through an arc concentric to the swinging axis 7 of the frame. It is thus apparent that approximately one-half of the complete movement of the bucket relative to the frame is through one arc, while the other half thereof is through a different arc of movement. While the difference between these two arcs of movement of the bucket is not very great, it is found'that there is considerable advantage in such difference, due to the fact that during the initial digging movement of the bucket, the nose of the bucket is tilted outwardly a somewhat greater extent than during the-upward lifting movement of the bucket, thus tending to cause the nose of the bucket to have a greaterl diggingin tendency during the down or major digging portion of the stroke. This action is indicated in Fig. 5 by the difference in clearance between the outer rear end of the bucket and the .wall of the cut during the initial and final digging portions of a stroke. This action also has the advantage of giving the bucket an increased tilt toward a vertical position during the final portion of the stroke, so as to lessen the liability of spilling as kthe bucket is elevated with the boom to dumping position. This also permits the Adischarging of the bucket at a point furtheraway from the machine, due to the fact that the dumping customarily takes place when 4the bucket is swinging outwardly, and its movement yis partially, at least, about the axis 14, which is more remote from the machine frame than the swinging axis 6 of the guide-frame.

lVith this manner of mounting the bucket,

the discharging ofturf from the bucket during the dumping action is quite materially facilitated due to the fact that the bucket may have short movements imparted thereto backward and forward from extreme forward stop position relative to the guide-frame 5, thus causing the successive striking of the bucket rolls against the forward stop ends 16 of the guide-tracks to impart a jarring or turffreeing action to the bucket. It is apparent that in the use of a machine embodying the present invention, that the digging portion is effected by substantially a direct pull on the bucket by the cable 17, during which action the cable 18 is free to permit such digging movement, and that the movement of the bucket during at least the major portion of its downward digging movement is around the track 13 relative to the guide-frame, and that when the bucket has reached the lower end of the guide-track, the frame will be moved therewith during the remainder of the stroke, thus causing one portion of thedigging stroke to be effected in a curve concentric to the point 14 and the final digging movement of the bucket to be effected in a curve concentric to the point 7. Due to the pull or drag of the cable 18 on the upper in- .ner extended end of the guide-frame 5, the

'normal position of the wguide-frame is sub- Stantially that indicated in full lines in Fig. 1. It is apparent, however', that undersome circumstances the guide-frame may lower slightly from such normal position when the elevated pull of the retracting cable 18 is released, so that when the bucket during its initial digging movement has reached the lower forward end of the guide-tracks 13, the tracks may have moved slightly forward from the position shown in Fig. 1. This, however, does not aect the action of the appara-tus or the advantages to be gained by the movement of the bucket for a portion of its stroke, relative to the guide-frame, and for another portion of its stroke with the guide-frame, and with such movements about different axes.

I wish it understood that my invention is not limited to any specific arrangement or form of the parts, as it is capable of numerous changes and modifications without departing from the spirit of the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is: f

1. `In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a member pivotally carried by the outer end portion of the boom and vhaving a curved track portion, a bucket carried by said member for movements therewith and guided by said track for predetermined movements relative thereto lengthwise o the boom and from one side to the other of the member pivot, and means for controlling the digging and retracting movements of the bucket.

2. In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a member pivotally carried by the boom and having a curved guide portion convex with respect to and swingable around the member pivot with stops at its ends, a bucket carried by said member for swinging movements therewith and for predetermined movements relative thereto lengthwise of the boom, said latter movements of the bucket being directed by the guide portion of said member, and means controlling the digging and retracting movements of the bucket.

3. In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a frame carried by the boom near its outer end for swinging movements relative thereto in a vertical plane therewith andhaving a curved guide portion with stops at its ends, an excavating bucket attached to the frame for swinging movements therewith and guided by said guide portion to have predetermined arcuate movements relative thereto around the swinging axis of the frame, and means controlling the digging and retracting movements of the bucket.

4. In an excavating machine of. the class described, a boom, a frame carried by the boom near its outer end for swinging movements relative thereto in a` vertical plane ltherewith and having a guide portion,l a

bucket carried by the frame orswinging movements therewith and guided by said guide portion for limited predetermined arcuate excavating movements relative theretoabout an axis'which is eccentric to the swinging axis of the frame,the permissible movements of the bucket being from one side to the other of the swinging axis of the frame.

5. In a excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a frame carried for swinging movements by the boom near its outer end and having an arcuate track eccentric to its swinging axis, a bucket carried by the frame for swinging movements therewith and guided by said track portion for limited swinging movements relative thereto, 'the permissible movements of the bucket being from one side to the other of the swinging axis of the frame, and means controlling the digging and retracting movements of the bucket.

6. In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a segmental frame swingingly carried'at a point inside its periphery by the boom and having its peripheral portion forming an arcuate guide, a bucket carried by said frame for swinging movements therewith and guided by said guide portion for limited arcuate movements relative thereto, and means controlling the digging and retracting movements of the bucket.

7. In van excavating machine of the class boom for swinging movements relative thereto and having a segmental guide portion convex to and extending partially around the frame pivot, a bucket carried by the frame for movements therewith and guided for predetermined movements relative thereto by said guide portion, a sheave carried by the frame at the forward end of its guide portion, means attached to the bucket and having guiding engagement with said sheave during the predetermined portion of the movement of the bucket relative to the frame, and means or'retracting the bucket.

8. In an excavating machine ofthe class described, a boom, a frame pivoted to the boom for swinging movements relative thereto and having a curved guide portion extending partially around its pivot, a bucket carried by the frame for swinging movements therewith and guided by said guide portion for limited arcuate digging and retractingl described, a boom, a frame pivoted to the described, a boom, a frame pivoted to the W boom for vertical swinging movements relative thereto and having a curved guide portion, a bucket carried by the frame for swinging movements therewith and predetermined arcuate movements relative thereto and to said guide portio-n and around the frame pivot, means for operating and controlling the digging and retract-ing movements of the bucket, said means including a pull cable adapted to have guiding-engagement with, the lower forward end portion of the frame and also including a retracting cable having guiding connection with the frame at its upper outer and inner end portions.

l0. In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a frame pivoted to the boom for swinging movements in a vertical plane longitudinally thereto and having its lower end extending below its pivot and its upper end extending' above and to the rear of its pivot, a bucket carried by the frame for movements therewith and predetermined arcuate movements rela-tive thereto, -means operable to impart digging movements to the bucket, means operable to impart reti-acting movements to the bucket including a retracting cable, and guide sheaves for said last means disposed at the inner and outer ends of the upper end portion of the frame.

11. In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a frame pivotally suspended from the outer end portion of the boom for swinging movements lengthwise thereof and having its lower end formed with an arcuate guide transverse to and extending a distance around the frame pivot, a bucket carried by the guide portion of the frame for swinging' movements with the frame relative to the boom and for predetermined movements relative thereto lengt-hwise of said guide, and means controlling the digging and retracting movements of the bucket.

12. In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a frame pivotally suspended from the outer end portion of the boom for swinging movements lengthwise thereof and having its lower end formed with an arcuate guide transverse to its swinging axis and extending a distance therearound, the axis of the guide being slightly odset from the axis of the frame, av bucket carried by the guide portion of the frame for swinging movements with the` frame relative to the boom and for predetermined movements relative thereto along said guide, and means controlling tlie digging and retractingrmovements of the bucket.

13. In an excavating machine of the class described, a boom, a frame pivotally sus. pended from the outer end portion of the boom for swinging movements lengthwise thereof and having its lower end formed with an arcuate guide transverse to its swinging axis and extending a distance therearound and with its axis offset from said swinging axis lengthwise of the boom,a bucket slidably connected at each end to the guide portion of the frame for swinging movements with the frame relative to the boom and for predetermined movements relativeV thereto lengthwise of the guide, means attached to the bucket for controlling the digging movements thereof, and means attached to the bucket for controlling the retracting move- Vments thereof and having operative connection with the frame to impart rearward swinging movements thereto when the bucket is retracted.

14:. In an excavatingfmachine of the class described, a boom, a frame pivotally suspended from the outer end portion of the boom for swinging movements lengthwise thereo-f and having its lower end formed with an arcuate guide transverse to its swinging axis, a bucket slidably connected at each end pended from the outer end portion of the boomvfor swinging movements therewith and having its lower end portion formed with an i arcuate guide transverse to its swinging axis.

said frame also having its upper end projected above its swinging axis, a bucket carried by the guide portion of the frame for swinging movements with the frame relative to the boom and for predetermined movements relative thereto lengthwise of the guide, draft means connected to the forward portion of the bucket to impart digging movements thereto, sheaves carried by the upper and lower end portions of the frame, and draft means guided by said sheaves and connected to the bucket and operable to im part retracting movements to both the bucket and the frame.

In testimony whereof I have hereunt(` signed my name to this specification.

` CHARLES L. GEORGE. 

